Energy Balance
Vertical structure of cloud radiative heating in the tropics: confronting the EC-Earth v3.3.1/3P model with satellite observations
The Role of Cloud Phase in Earth's Energy Budget
The effects of clouds on Earth’s energy budget depends strongly on the relative partitioning of liquid and ice phases within them.
Reconstructing the Energy and Water Cycles
Efforts to balance the Earth’s energy budget using observational datasets result in unrealistically large imbalances both within the atmosphere and at the surface where net radiation at the surface tends to significantly exceed the associated turbulent heat fluxes, particularly over the global oceans. These imbalances arise from the fact that measures of the component energy fluxes are typically derived independently and all have uncertainties.
Introduction
Spatial and temporal variations in the flows of energy between the surface, the atmosphere, and space play a central role in establishing the large-scale atmosphere and ocean circulation patterns that ultimately drive both weather and climate on Earth. The sensitivity of the climate system to external forcings, including increasing greenhouse gas concentrations, is, therefore, governed by the energy imbalances they induce and the partitioning of these imbalances between the atmosphere, ocean, and cryosphere.